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Sclerotinia

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

General Description

Sclerotinia can attack a wide range of crops, including oilseed rape, potatoes, peas, beans, carrots and lettuce. Crops which are unaffected include grasses and cereals.

In oilseed rape, the disease is seen late on in the season when stems die back. Sclerotinia is a soilborne disease which can cause bleached lesions on the stem from mid May onwards. Under wet or humid conditions, a white fungus may develop on the lesions. Within the stem cavity, of the infected area, white bodies which later turn black can be seen. These are the sclerotia which are the resting bodies of the fungus. Affected stems may senesce early, resulting in white heads and lodging. Yield losses can be high if infections are severe.

In potatoes, the disease can lead to early dieback of the haulm. On close inspection, bleached lesions can be seen at the base of the stem. Inside the stem you can find the white fungus and black fungal resting bodies.  Occasionally, sclerotinia can attack the tubers casuing a rot in store.

 

Biology

The resting bodies can remain in the soil for many years, (at least 8) and the sclerotia present near the soil surface will germinate in April/May in wet conditions, and produce spores which become splashed onto the stems, or dispersed by air currents. Spores can travel over 100 metres so neighbouring crops to contaminated fields will also be at risk.

The spores initially infect the petals.  When these fall into the crop, the petals my stck to the stem. The sclerotinia can then attack the stem causing a lesion.

Advice

 If applied at full flower, the petals become coated with the fungicide, and prevent sclerotinia spores attacking them when they fall further down the plant.

Diary

April

Sclerotinia Protection At Flowering

Sclerotinia can attack a wide range of crops, including oilseed rape, and crops can be protected at mid-flower. Do however notify bee keepers. More...

May

Sclerotinia

Showery weather at flowering may lead to a higher risk of sclerotinia, since petals infected with the fungus will stick to the crop, leading to disease infections in the stem. More...

Resistance Issues

Resistance to carbendazim fungicides is widespread.

Forecasting

Use this section to help manage the disease through the season.

Contact

Dr Fiona Burnett
SAC (Scottish Agricultural College) Work Crop & Soil Systems Research Group King's Buildings
Edinburgh
EH9 3JG

TelWork 0131 535 4133

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